Rotary engine.



PATENTED MAY 28, 19'0'7.

P. VAN GNOME. ROTARY ENGINE.y

APPLICATION FILED GOTA. 1904.

6 SHEETS--SHEET 1,

PATENTED MAY 28, 1907. S. F. VAN GHGATE. ROTARY ENGINE. APPLIGATION FILED 00124, 1904.

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maxe@ No. 855,148. PATENTBD MAY 28, 1907.

S. F. VAN GHOATE. ROTARY ENGINE.

PATENTED MAY 28, 1907.

S. F. VAN CHOATE. ROTARY ENGINE.

IOAT

.Lil A No. 855,148. PATBNTBD MAY 2s, 1907.

j y s. P. VAN GHOATE. l

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.4. 1904.

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N. 855,148. A PATNNTED MAY 28, 1907.

s. F; VAN oNoAfm-J.y r

. ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OSTA, 1904.

Rw M .I4 A 4 n n A u A Tb v vv. 0 E A 7 /a Y A ,oV M .I 0 `\6 A l /O P n I l l u v c v 4. 4 4 A f l A r ,.0` 1 o, 0.? l. l l l l nNrrnn stares Parana* ernten.

- siLvAN-Us F. VAN 0110111111, o1;1 BOSTON, 'MAs'sAoHusETTs notam seems.

No. esame.

Speication of Letters Patent.

Appiicmon sied Octoberli, 1904. Sesamo. 227,110.

To (1f/ZZ whom/,it mayconcern):

'Be it `lrnovvny that I, SiLvaNUs F. VAN CHOATE, of Boston, Ain the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented v embodying my ,-invention.'

sents a section on line2w-2 of Fig. 1.

certain nevivr and useful Improvements in Rotary'Engines or Motors,oil which the follow-v ing is a speciiieation.

. My inventlon relates to an engine or power motor to be operated by steam, air, or

any suitable impelling force, andiits objects are to provide an engine; or motor havingimportant advantages and improvements as i to efiicieney,'economy, and simplicity.'v y

O1 the accompanying drawings, forming a' part of this specifieation,. -Figure 1, represents anend elevation of an engine orl motor Fig.- 2 repre- `Fig. 3

. represents a' section onv line 3-3 oFig. 2.

Figs. 4j and 5 represent fragmentary sectional views hereinafter referred to.l Fig.V 6 represents a seetononilinelof Fig. 2, and an elevation of parts at'the left of said line. Figs. l7 and' 8 represent sections onr gire resents ya -side vieurv of the throttle-valve.

igs. 10 and 11 representvside' and end views of one of the' y Fig. 12 represents a per# spective view of the abutment valve.

abutment valves.

Figs. 13 and 14 represent sections on a plane extending through one of the series' of passages shown by dotted lines in Fig. .1. Fig.4 15

-represents a sentionvv on line' 15-15 ofFig; 1. Fig. 16 re resents a view-similar to"Fi`gs.'-f13 and 14, s owing certain additional4 features, hereinafter referred to. Fig. 17 representen Y section online 17-17 of Fig. 16.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts inail the iigures.

In' thel -draw1ngs,a represents arot'ary piston anddistributingvalve, which "is a disk of substantial thickness. 4From its periphery project radialA abutments aexte'nding across the' said' periphery and'. spaced equally apart,- the. preferred number ofsaid abutments being three. vThe .pist-on, abutmentsmay be integral Withthe b ody ofl the piston, 'or made' in separate pieces, rigidly af.

fixed in any suitable Way to said body. The

said rotary pistonis keyed or otherwise rig-- idly affixed to v'a shaftb, which is rotated by the piston. The-shaft is* journaled` in bearingsin a easing, preferably constructed as shown in Fig. 2, said casing' being'composed l of side members 'c c at op osite'sidesof thel piston, said side'members aving'hubs form-r stufling-boxes ce at the outer ends of lsaid hubs. The casing also comprises an intermediate member c2, having a circularinner surface surrounding the piston and, concen- .trie with its periphery, and forming the 'outeredgesofl'the abutments being in close proximity to the outer Wall'of the annular steam'space d, while 'their ends are in close proximity to the inner faces of thesidemem'- bers de of the-easing. The-Working agent, which may be steam, compressed air, anexpansive vvapor, ',or any 'l suitable impelling foree,-and lfor convenience is4 hereinafter lar s ace d, as hereinafter deseribed,a'nd acts on .t e said abutments torotate the'piston.

The said casing is supported by a'base c3, which may be bolted or otherwise secured to a suitable support, and is preferably formed 'integral with the vside memberc, the other side .member c' and the intermediate member c2 being bolted or otherwise secured to the side member c,"altho}rgh;af desired, the intermediate membert-may be integral with either the inner or4 thel outer side member.

-lTo avoid' lconfusion inthe drawings, I have omitted any representation l of the bolts Whicheonneet the members ofthe easing.

`e represents a throttle or Controlling valve,

'which is adapted to turn or partially rotate in a throtte-valve casing or hub c4 formed on the main'easing, the said throttle-valve cas- --ing vhaving, a cylindrical inner surface, inter-` nally threaded at its ends t0 engage annular screW-threadedsleeves ff. (Fig. 2), which bear against and confine against longitudinal movement of the cylindrical throttle-valve.l

The sleeve f is provided With means such as 'an vinternal screw-thread for engaging a supply-pi e g to supply stearn'- to the engine,

and the s eeve f is provided with v`a stuiiingn Patented may 2s, a 907. Y

- 'l ing elongated bearings -for the shaft, and

5 denominated steam,"fisadmitted tothe annu- 17 box f2, :which surrounds-the stem e of the throt-tlev'alve. Said stem is provided with fahand-wheol or crank e2 or other means,

whereby said stem may be rotated to change v4the' .r'xsiti'on of thefthrottle-valve. In this enibodinent of ryfinvention, the throttlevalveeasing isnintegral the member c of the main plston caslng, and its' axis is parallel with the shaft b.

- steam The main casing is provided with a series l ment-valve has annular end projections or of subsidiary casings or abutment valve chambers c (Fig. 3), opening into the annular gspace d surrounding the rotary piston and formed to contain and co-operate with a series of oscillatory abutment-valves h h2 h3 h4.

In this embodiment of my invention, I show four of saidcasings c5, and four abutment valves, equally spaced apart, this numpreferred in an engine which is ada ted to be reversed and-to rotate the sha t b in either direction, although as herev matter set forth, my invention may be embodied in an engine ada ted to be driven in one direction only, and aving two or more subsidiary casings and abutment-valves. Each of the said abutment-valves is formed as shown in Figs. 8, v9, and 10,' and comrises acylindrical body havingl a concave ace 2 at one side, which forms a part of the outer Wall of the annular steam or iuid 'i space d when the abutment-valve is in positlonlto cut 'off the communication between thev throttle-valve and the said steam space d, asshown in' Fig. 4. The hub portion of A-the abutment-valve has a central longitudinal passage'or steam chamber 3 occupying radially from said conduit its axlsof oscillation, and a port 4 extending to the perimeter lofthe valve, said port directing the steam .into theannular space d. The'passag'e 3 and port 4`` constitute movable or adjustable parts' of a conduit which supplies steam to e piston, said conduit also comprising a fixed'l passage,

hereinafter described, formed in the casing 'and connecting the throttle-valve casing with the passage 3 of the abutment-valve. Between the sald port 4 and the recess 2 is a narrower cancave face or jaw 5, which conforms to and has`a bearing on the periphery ofthe rotary iston, as shownin Fig. 5. The vabutment-va ve is thus adapted to serve as an abutment to confine the steam in the space d between the port 4 and the adjacent abutment a of the rotary piston,.and prevent the steam from passing backwardly, or away rom the said adjacent piston abutment.

The abutment-valve has two radially projecting abutments or projections 6, 7, the outer edges or ends of which are in close proximity to the segmental inner wall of an enlargement of the abutment-valve chamber. The ends of said enlargement are formed by two shoulders or abutments 8, 9, between which is an inwardly projecting iixed abutment 10 formed on the casing. Said shoulders and the ends of the abutment 10 form the ends of two segmental steam spaces 12, 13, 'artially surroundingthe abutmentvalve, t 1e abutments 6,- 7 of the abutmentvalve being movable in said segmental chambers, as hereinafter described.

The central or hub portion of' the abut- 'trunnions 13, which are adapted to turn in counter-sunk orI other bearings formed for their reception in the side members -of the main casing, as shown in Fig. 15. All the abutment-valvesare of the same form and construction, each being preferably an exact duplicate of all the others, so that the valves of the series may turning the ends of one pair 1n one direction, and the similar ends of the other pair in the other direction.

The throttle or controlling valvec has a cylindrical `periphery closely fitting the interior of the casing, and an internal steam chamber or conduit e3, which is open at one end, as shown in Fig. 2, to receive and hold steam from the supplyipe g, said open end bearing against the con ing sleevej". The other. end of the throttle-valve is closed, and

shouldered to bear against the sleeve f. A steam-passage extends from the throttlevalve' valve, to conduct steam to the abutmentvalve for the purpose of moving the valve to its open position (Fig.,5) and of propelling the piston, said passages being designated 't' i2 i i4. Each vpassage constitutes the fixed part of the conduit above referred to for supplying steam to the piston chamber. One of the said passages is provided for each abutment-valve., as shown by dotted. lines in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The throttle-valve is provided with a series of ports ccperating, as hereinafter (,lescribed, with the said passages.

establishing an abutment-valve opening connection and an abutment-valve closing connection between the hub oi each abutmentvalve and the segmental steam spaces 12 and 13 of the abutment-valve casing. Fig. 14 shows a connection hlished between the hub of an abu tmeutwalve and the segmental steam-space'lQ, so that steam admitted to Said hub will exert pressure on the abutment 6 of the abutment-valve in the direction required to move the valve from the closed position shown in Fig. ,shown in Fig.' 14. 'lhe said `means include two outer passages j A". formed in the main casing, the inner ends of said passages o )en ing side by side into the'pist(1i-containing Space or chamber. The outer end of the passagej opens into one ol' the bearings of the abutment-valve, and the outer end of the passage k opens into the inner end of the segmental chamber 12. In the rotary piston is formed a series of inner segmental suppl)Y passages, grooves, or ports m, which are concentric with vthe shaft l) and are arranged to act as tubes to connec'L the inner ends ol the passages.y` k at predetermined intervals, thus completing the connection between the-hub of tie abutment-valve and the segmental steam-space 12, and permitting the steam to casing to the hub of each' abutment- 13 to the open j'msitiou be usedinterchangeably by IOO IIO

ils

^ valve.

` saar/ieact on the abutment Gas indicated the arrows in Fig. 14, in ope'ningthelabutmentrl`he passage j constitites ay partof the means provided for momentarily moving the abutment-valve to its,closed position, as

shown ir Fig. 13, to remove the abutment j aws of the valvellromthe path of an approaching abutment of the rotary piston. Said means also include a central pasage n, which opens at its inner end into the pistonchamber.' and at its outer end into the inner,

p'ortonof the segmental steam-space 1-3, and a series of concentrically arranged segmental supply passages, grooves, or ports 0 'formed inthe side of the rotary piston and adapted 'to connectv the inner` end of the passage n with a branch y (Figf 14) ofthe passage j,

' bya port o,the passages j lc are disconnected i thus completing a connection between the hub of the abutment-valveandthe .segmental space 13, and permitting the steam to act on the valve-abutment 7, as indicated bythe arrows in Fig. 13, in moving the abutmentvalveto its closed position. The' outer and inner segmental ports 0 and m correspond inA number and position with the abutments a of the piston. The relativel arrangement o the ports pr grooves mo and the passages l j 7c n is such that when the passages ji'k. are connected by a port or groove m, the assages y' lnare disconnected, as shown `in ig. 14 and when 'the passages y 11J are connected as shown in Fig. 13. The outer ports or grooves o are shorter than the inner'ports or4 distributingyalve, and enables the steam or foreefthat im els the piston to also cause the abutment-va ve to jump the piston-abutments, the impelling s-team or force holding the abutment-valve open and in operative relation to the periphery of the piston, then briefly raising the abutment-valve jaw 5 while the piston-abutment is passing it, and

finally returning the abutment-valve to its Open position and thej'aw 5 toits operative relation to tlie'periphery of the piston.v It

will also be seen that the pistonor revolving disk, acts as intermedlate tubes or connecting .communications between the throttlevvalve or source of power and"'a set or sets of 'tubes or openings through which the said piston or'dlsk supplies steam or other force to the abutment-valve chambers 12 and 13, (Figa-13,14',- 15 and 16)'and .to the abutmental grooves' in itssides, not only suppliesI Inentsof the abutment-valves, and that said piston, by means of its movement and its segsteam or other 5force through connecting Y means,`by bridging or' ,jumping the steam or force, by said means, over the space between 'i theA moving piston or disk and the fixed abut- Y i ,ment-valve chambers to operate the abut- `rnentvalves, butl also,- by the same means,

back again, through the said openings, to the grooves ol' said piston or disk, thus distributing said steam or force to and from saidabut- `ment-valve chambers, and finally conveying it to the ldesired exhausts. The steam pressure is constant in the hub or chamber of the abutmentvalve whilel vthe `passage remains open,'so that the' valve responds quickly to isV bridges or ju'mps the steam or impelling force each of the described'changes of lconnection caused by ltheports of the rotatingpiston.

In a reverslble engine embodying my invention, a series of relatively small steampassages p p2 p3 p1 extend from the .throttlevalve casing'to the outer endsof the Segmental steam-spaces 12 of the abutmentvalve casings, to conduct steam to\ said spaces for the'pur'pose' of closing the abutment-valves, the steam acting on the abutments 6 of' each abutment-valve, and yfirmly. setting andr holdingv said valves in their closed position.` In the reversible engine' here 'shownthe. ports of two 'of the abutment-valves are-arranged to cause the steam to impel the plston' 1n onedlrection,

while the ports of the other two fvalves are IOO arranged to cause the Vsteam to impel the i npiston in the o positedirection, as `shown in Fig. 3, the va ves which cause` the movement of the piston in `one direction alternating with the otherv valves which cause the' movement of the plston in the opposite direction.

opposite sides of the valve and out of alinement, or diagonally opposite each other, the said ports being arranged to register simultaneously with the passages il i2 when the throttlevalve -is at one extreme of its The' throttle-valve is provlded with two larger ports or openings-r 1j formed in' I'Io movement, as shown in Fig.l 8, and with the passages 'i3 if* when the Ai'Jhrottle-valve is at the other extreme of its-movement, as shown in Fig. 7. The throttle-valve is also pro- -vided with two smaller ports or openings s sA formed in opposite sides of the valve and diagonally opposite each other,the said ports s s/ being arranged-to register with the smaller passages p3 p4 when the throttlevalve is 1n the posltion shown in Fig 8, and.

with the smaller passages 1)/ p2 when the throttle-valve is in the Iposition shown, in Fig. 7. The larger ports r 1^. are circular,-

while the orts s s are elon ated vas shown in l Fig. Q-,their widtlrbeingfequal to the diam- `than said diameter, the arrangement of the f ports. being such that when the throttlein ne direction, and shuts off all `casing; and when the smaller valve is turned to start or reverse the engine, the ports s and s will be opened to admit settin and holding pressure to the casings of two o the abutment-valves before pressure is admitted to the hub of the other two respective abutment-valves. The larger valvesupplying passages. t" i2 t3 'i4 and the smaller passages p p p3 p which supply steam to close the valves are therefore so arranged relativelyto the ports of the throttle-valve that when the larger passage supplying -steam to either abutment-valve is open, the smaller assage supplying steam to the casin of tliat valve is closed, -to exclude the va ve-setting and holding pressure from that passage supplying steam to the casing of either abutment-valve is open, the larger passage supplying steam to that abutment-valve is closed, so that no pressure is admitted to the hub and port of that valve.

Each abutment-valve when its position is changed lis cushioned by steam in the .spaces 12 and 13'acting on the abutments 6 and 7 to prevent hammering by the abutments in the movements of the valves, the steam in said spaces 12, 13 being allowed to gradually disperse, but is renewed by the movements of the valve. If desired, the st am. may beexhausted from the spaces 12, 1.3", as hereinafter described. When the throttle-valve is at one position of its movement, it supplies steam to the two abutmentvalves which-cause the rotation of the piston the steam from the other two valves except the steam re uired to set and hold the latter valves in a Xed position.l When the throttle-valve is atfthe otlfer position of its movement, it supplies steam to the valves which cause the rotation of the piston in the opposite direction, and shuts olf all the steam fromthe two first-named valves, except the steam required to set and hold the other two valves.

The movements' of the throttle-valve are limited by a stop-pin or screw-bolt e" (Fig. 2) fixed in the valve-casing, the lower end of said bolt traveling ina segmental slot e7 in the periphery of the valve, the ends of the slot rabutting against the stop-pin when the valve reaches the extremes ofits movement. When the throttle-valve is in a position half way/between the extremes of its movement, it closes all the passages, and stops the engine. The valve may be held in said intermediate position, or any other position, by a suitable movable detent. The valve may be turned to various intermediate positions to permit a restricted 4passage of steam for driving the engine at variable speeds and the speed may be controlled by any desirable governor.

seme@ The passages 'lc n in Fig. 2 which communicate with the abutment-valves h and h2 in Fig. 3 and their casings are formed in one of the side members of the casing, while the passages j lc n, which communicate with the abutment-valves h3 t and their casings are formed in the oppositey side member of the casing as partially indicated in Fig. 2. Each side of the rotary piston-disk or body is provided with the segmental ports m and o, the ports inv one side being duplicates of the ports in the opposite side, asindicated also in Fig. 2.

t t t2 (Fig. 2) represent channels in the solid body of the rotary disk (Fig. 2) also formed in the shaft-bearings and in the inner faces of the side members of the casing (Fig. 2) to conduct oil, steam, or vapor to the shaftbearings, for purposes of lubri ation Similar channels t3 t* are formed in the throttlevalve casing.

The casing is externally ribbed or reinforced, to provide'walls of suitable thickness for the steam passages.

In a motor the shaft of which is required to rotate in one direction only with no provisions for reversal, one pair of the abutmentvalves, for example the valves .711 and ha, will bc sufficient, the other valves la. /i and their connections with the throttle-valve being omitted.

The exhaust-steam passes from the annular steam-space d, through exhaust. passages u u extending from opposite sides of the casing, as shown in Fig. 3. The exhaust steam maybe conducted to noise-mutl'lors or to condensing apparatus, or it may he utilized for any desired purpose, by beitig supplied to another motor, adapted to be operated by tht expansion of the exhaust, or to a heating apparatus or system.

In Fig. 16, I 'show means for exhausting steam from the segmental spaces 12, 13, of the abutment-valve casings, said means comprising segmental grooves or ports v c formed in the sides of the pist-on body, and exhaust passages w w formed in the side members of the piston-casing. The ports n are arranged to communicate with branches 7c of the passages k, and to connect said branches with the exhaust passage w. The ports or grooves 'u' are arranged to communicate with branches n of the passages a, and to connect said branches with the exl'laust-passage w. When a port o is caused by the rotation of the piston to coincide both with the branch k and exhaust-passage w, it completes an outlet for steam from the segmental space 12 to the exhaust-pass ge w; and when a port or groove o is caused by the rotation of thel piston to coincide both with the exhaust-passage 'w and branch n', an outlet for steam is completedfrcm the segmental spnee 13 to the exhaust-passage w.. The ports vu and n are formed to' complete said outlets alternately. The exhaust-passages u w arcor fansites @l may be Vprovided with regulating relates-0r 'taps w3 (Fig: i7), adapted tpregulate 'the 'amount of exhaust tobelheldhak as a cush. -ioning agent to prevent hammering ot the abutments of the-, abutment-valves against their respectivestop abutments. Eachregulating valve or tap may comprise a simple I plug crossing and fully stopping the exhaustpassage or conduit; the said plug havingV a .transverse bore or opening through its body to register and correspond with the exhaustpassage. The said plug is constructed to turn to the right or left by the thumb and lingers, soas to turn'on or shut off more or less of the exhaust as may be desired. lt will be noticed that thisregulation of the eX- hausts from the abutment-valve chambers does not create back'pressure` on the steam that operates the piston and does not interfere in any way with the conduits that iurnish steam to said'piston.

When the motor is at rest, the throttlevalve is at a iulllcut-off position, all the passages leading therefrom being closed by irnperfora'te portions of the periphery of the valve. To start the motor-shaft in either direction, it is only necessary to'give the throttie-valve a turn either to the right or to the The piston-abutments lare so arranged that left, the shaft being caused to rotate in the direction in which the throttle-valve is turned hence, there is no vliability of starting thel shatit in the wrong.A direction, the ,operator realizing that a movement of the throttlevalve in a given direction causesthe rotation of the shaft inthe same direction.

Referring to Fig. r3, it Will be` seen that steam ,from the two open valves Ih h? is acting simultaneously on the two piston-abutments a. a3, and nieves the piston tothe right, or in the direction of the hands ot a watch, the second abutment a2 being in one of the exhaust portions of the 'steam-space d.

no two of said abutments simultaneously cross the abutment jaws of the two. open valve h h2, ,and the grooves or ports m and o in the sides of the piston-body are correspondingly arranged, so that the valves h h? are moved successively in jumping the piston abutments, one valve being open during the momentary closure of the other 'while' the latter is jumping a piston-abutment. The

steam-pressure on the piston is therefore. practically continuous or uninterrupted throughout the entire cycle of ,movement of the piston, and a continuous and unvarying rotation of the latter is insured. In some positions of 'the piston two of its abutments are under pressure, while in other positions all the abutments are under pressure, so that after each' piston-abutment completes its cycle, it and the others are in action 0r under ressure until the third one completes its cycle,

The continuous application of pressure to a series of piston abutments revolving condensation.

' abolita common center and each having a iev-.

erage corresponding to its distancevflomthe shaft, gives a far higher efiiciency in proper- 1 n tion to the pressure employed, .than can be obtained from a reciprocating engine, in`

m'otion oi" the piston, is much greater than in my improved engine or motor. The var'ious moving parts of my motor are contin- 7'@ which the loss by friction and the reversal of meanwhile continuously supplying pressure to rotate the piston. -The throttle-valve coperates with the series of passages ex-y tending therefrom to the abutment-valves,

in controlling both the (direction and the rapidity of movement of the piston, the working or operative abutment-valves not only supplying steam to the rotary iston, but also forming steam abutments or ack-'stops which are held by the steam-pressure 'in operative position. The .throttle-valve also cooperates with the series of passages leading to the casings of the abutment-valves 1n closing and Vholding the 'abutment-valves which are out of action and which exclude steam 'from the piston. The steam or ini-- pelling force is applied squarely and in a straightforward direction,l to the pistonabutments and utilizes the full. leverage of one-half of the diameter of the iston. r All these useful results are yacccmp ished with-` out the employment of -cr`anl rs,y cams, cam movements, connecting rods, piston rods, iiy-Wheels, or any kind. of.l moving'external mechanism, and without change of leverage plied.

The shape, size, and ca acity of motors to be constructed in accor ance With my invention, may be determined byv competent mechanical engineers and draftsmen. The larger the motor, the more easy and facile IOO are the proportions and mathematical cal-` culations and formulae determined.l ,v

My invention is not limited to an engine or vmotorin which the valves which admit steam to the abutments of the rotary piston carry or constitute abutments or abutmentjaws to prevent, the backward escape of steam.A The abutnients or rabutment-jaws may be independent of the means 'for admitting. steam to the piston-chamber, in which oase the valves controlling the admission of steam to the piston-eliamber may be termed working Valves, and may be opened rio at the points where the power orforce is ap-v f and closed by means similar to those hereinbefore shown and described for opening and closing the abutment-valves, although when the piston -abutments y Theabutments or abutment jaws when constructed only to prevent the backward escape of'steamj-may be distinguished from the abutment-valves above described, only by the absence ofthe ports 4 for the admission of steamto the pisf ton-chamber.

Having thus explained the nature of my invention and described a Way of constructing and using the same, althou l1 Without having attempted to. set forth al the forms in which it may be embodied or all the modes `of its use, I declare that what I claim is l. An engine or motor comprising a casing having a piston-chainber, a fixed passage forming a portion of a conduit extending from a source of supply to said chamber, an oscillatory abutment-valve forming a movable part of said conduit, and a rotary piston having abutments upon its periphery, said piston moving in said piston-chamber and impelled by steam, or other impelling force, passing through said conduit, the said casing,

piston, and valve having coperating means for causing the impelling force to oscillate the abutment-valve.

2. An engine or motor comprising a casing having a piston-chamber,' a 'fixed passage forming a portion of a conduit extending from a source of supply to said chamber, an oscillatory valve having', first, a hollow hub or chamber and av,delivery port extending therefrom, said hub and port forming movable parts of said conduit, and secondly, an abutment face or jaw at one side of said port, and a rotary piston having an abutment on its periphery, said piston being movable in said chamber and impelled by'steam, or other impeliing force, passing through said conduit, the said casing, piston, and valve having coperating means for causing the impelling force to move the said abutment face alternately toward andfroin the periphery of the piston. y

3. An engine or motor comprising a casing having a piston-chamber and a subsidiary valve-chamber` communicating therewith, and having segmental enlargements or steamspaces, a fixed vpassage extending from a l,source of supply to the valve-chamber, an oscillatory valve in said subsidiary chamber, 'having first, a hollow hub, and a delivery port'extending therefrom, said hub .and port forming movable parts of said conduit, secondly, a concave abutment face at one side of said port, and thirdly, two abutments projecting into said segmental chambers, and a rotary-piston having abutments upon its periphery said piston moving in said pistonchamber and impelled by steam, or other impelling force, passing through said conduit, the said casing and piston having coperating means for causing the impelling force-to enter the said segmental spaces alternately,

and act on said valve abutments to oscillate forming a portion of a conduit extending from a souce of supply to said chamber, an

`oscillatory abutment-valve having, first, a hollow hub or chamber, and a delivery port extending therefrom, said hub and port forming movable parts of said conduit, secondly, a concave piston-abutment clearing face at one sideY of the delivery port, and thirdly, an abutment face between said abutment-clearingface and port, and a rotary piston having abutments on its periphery, said piston moving in said piston-chamber and impelled by steam, or other impelling force, passing through said conduit, the said casing, piston, `and valve having coperating means for causingthe iinpelling force to hold the, abutment-valve alternately in its abutment position -and in its piston-clearing position.

5. An engine or motor comprising a casing having a piston-chamber and a subsidiary valve-chamber communicating therewith, said chamber having recessesP or countersinks forming valve-bearings, a fixed passage extending from a source of supply through` one of said bearings to the valve-chamber, an oscillatory valve in said chamber, having, first, end trunnions journaled in said bearings, secondly, a hollow hub Vor central chainber communicating through one of said tiunnions with said passage, and a delivery port extending from the hub, said hub and port forming movable parts of said conduit, and thirdly, an abutment face or-jaw at one side of said port, and a rotary piston movable in the piston-chamber, and having abutinents on its periphery, said piston being impelled by steam, or other iinpelling force, passing through said conduit, the said casing, piston, and valve having cooperating means for IIO causing the iinpelling force to .rock the abutment-'valve and move the said abutment jaw alternately toward and from the periphery ofthe piston.

6. An engine or motor comprising a casing having, first,` a piston-chamber, secondly, a `fixed passage forming a portion of a valvesupplying conduit extending,..,to said chamber, thirdly, a subsidiary valvf--chamber coinmunicating with the piston-chamberandhaving two segmental enlargements or spaces, and fourthly, two outer passageswhich cominunicate at their outer ends with ,said segmental spaces and a central passage which communicates with the central portion of the valve-chamber, an oscillatory abutmentvalve, forming a movable part of said con- '6e i f and iinpelled by steam,`or other iinpellin esmas duit and having a hollovf-hub or central' chamber communicating at one end with said central passage and at t ie other end with the said valve-supplyingconduit', said valve vh'aving al delivery ort communicating with the .hub, and lradia abutmentasaid valve movable in said segmental spaces, and a rotary `piston having abutments u on itsperiphery movable in said piston-c `amber `and impelled' by steam. or ,other force, passing through said.`.fconduit, the.` body of' said piston havingsegmentalports:adapted to con'- nect` the said outer'p'assages with the said central passage alternately.4

' 7 Anengine' `or motorcemprising a casing having, iirst,'a piston-chamber, secondly, a

iitedj-f'passageiorininga pertion of a valvesupplying-'eenden extending to said chamber,

tliiirdlygsJ subsidiary valveehamber commu:Q nicating with thepiston-ch'amber and havingsegmental enlargements o r spaces, foiirthly,

a plurality of passages comprising-outer pas-f sageswhich communicate at their outer ends with said sevmental spaces. and a central passage Whic tral portions of the valve-chambers, and iifthly, escape or exhaust' passages, an oscillatory abutmentevalve forming a movable part of s aid conduit, and having a hollow hub orchambercommunicating lat'one end with said centralr passage and at the other end with the said valve-supplying conduit, said las valve having delivery ports communicating with the hub or central chambers and radial abutmei'its movable 1n said seamental spaces,

and a rotary piston having abutments upon its, eriphery, said piston being movable in sai piston-chaniberand impelled by steam,- vor other impelling force, passing 4through said conduit, the bodyv of said piston having f segmental supply-ports' or grooves andl a series of exhaust-ports, the said supply-ports being adapted to connfect the' said outerpaa sages Wit l. the central passa e alternately,

While thev exhaust-ports area 4apted to con# nect said outer passages withy exhaust pas. .-s'ages.

.- 8. An engine or 'motor comprising a casing having a pistonchamber,` andf a throttle-- .Valve chamber, a fixed passage forming a portion of va conduit. extendi throttle-valve 'chamber tov theA piston-cham ber, a hollow throttle-valve acting 'as a steam chamber and adapted to turnfin said throt tlc-valve chamber and having a port adapted to register with'said fixed passage', anoscillatory abutment-valve forming .a movablev part of said conduit,` and a rotary piston aving abutineiits upon its periphery, said piston being movable inv said piston-chamber force, passing through said conduit, the sai ine ans late the abutment-valve.

- casing,fpiston, and valve having coperating cr causing the iinpelling force to oscilcommunicates with the cent from the '9; vAn engine or. motor comprising a casing having a piston-chamber, and4 a throttle- ,valve 'chamber, a plurality .of abutment,L` i

'valve' 'chambers communicating with the j .7

pistonecliamber, a plurality of fixed passages extending from the throttle-valve chamber to the abutment-valve chambers and forming parts of piston-supplyin conduits, the sai I passages being' arrange in pairs andthe throttle-valvel being provided i .'viith 3l ports.

adapted to"communicate"iiistfwith the past,

.sages of one pair-andthen with the ,lipas-l s'ages'of another; pain@ abutment-valves mov- A ablein said," abntinentwalve chambersand forming movable parts `of said conduits, said abutmentevalvesfbeng arrangedjinoppo-- sit'elyand -alternate]y acting pairs, anda rotary pistenhavinga'plurality of abutments upon its periphery, l'and moving `in said'piston-chamber, the said casing,fpiston, and

`valves havin icope'rating means for causing theiinpel' abutinentfvalves: 10.` An engine-ormotor comprising a casin having a piston-chamber and a throttlevazve chamber, a plurality .of abutment- 'valve casings Vcommunicating with tliepisto`nchamber and:` having segmental enlargeing fluid to oscillate' the acting v ments, a plurality of fixed lar er passages extending from the throttle-va ve chamber tothe central portions of the abutmentvalve casings and forming parts of pistonimpelling conduits, a 'plurality of smaller passages extending troni the throttlevalve chamber. to the enlarged outer p ortions of the abutment-valve casings, the said larger and smaller passages being arranged in pairs and the' throttle-valve bei-ng provided with ports adapted Vto connect and close said passages in pairs, vabutment-valves movable in said abutment-valve casings 'and j forming movable parts of said conduits, said abut-v ment-valves being arranged in' opposite'ly and alternately actin pairs and having abiitments moving in sai segmental spaces, and a rotary piston having a plurality of abutments iipon'its periphery, said piston moving in the piston-"chamber, the said pistonecasing and piston having cooperating passages and ports which admit steam alternately 'to the segmental enlargements of lthe abutment-j va ve'casing'igs. v `11. An engine or motoicomprising a cas` in having a piston-chamber, a subsidiary va ve chamber communicating therewith` and having segmental enlargements or steam piston or disk provided with means for causing steam or other impelling force to pass lfrom a throttle-valve or source of power f'to the bodies of valves which communicate with the chamber in which the piston rotates.

.13. An engine or motor having a rotary piston or disk provided with a passageforming an intermediate part of one or more con- Y duits which serve to carry steam, or other impelling force, between the boiler orgenerator and 'the bodies of one or more abutmenti valves and to bridge the steam over the :space oropening between the piston and the said valves.

1st. An engine or motor having arotary piston provided with a conduit whereby it acts as an automatic valve to distribute steam, or otheriimpelling force, from one pas-` sage or'setof passages to .another passage or whilein motion alternately or intermittently brings into unison or incident connection a series of ports or passages carried by it with fixed passages Vor sets or'systemsof such passages, and at the same time automatically bridges the impelliiig force over the openings between the said piston and the bodies of adjacent abutment-valves.

16. An engine or motor having a rotary pistony which contains or is constructed with ports or grooves in its sides, adapted to rei ceive and convey steam, or otherimpelling force, and to automatically distribute the.

same intermittently from one set or system of passages to another set or system of passages, to alternately or intermittently and automatically operate abutment-valves and ,cause the latter vto control the passage of the steam to and vfrom the chamber in which said piston rotates. y

17. An engine or motor having a rotary piston or disk which serves as a distributingvvalve, and, when in motion, by means of ports formed in its sides distributes steam, or other impelling force, from one iixed passage or set of passages to another fixed passage or' set of passages, thereby causing a series of abutment-valves to clear the abutnients upon said rotary piston. v

18. An engine or motor having a rotary piston or disk which acts as an automatic valve to distribute steam, or other impelling force, between various fixed passages and the bodies of abutment-valves, to cause and regulate the movementof said piston.

19. An engine or motor having a rotary piston or disk which is provided with ports in its sides, said ports being arranged in series occupying different positions relatively to the center of the piston, one series serving to move aseries of abutment-valves in one direction, while another series serves to move the said valves in another or opposite direction.

20. An engine oir motor provided with a hub or bearing for a throttle-valve, and said.

hub or bearing being provided at each of its Sides with two sets of differently sized passages, there bein two larger and two smaller passages at each side, said sets being arranged in pairs each including two smaller and two larger passa es, said larger passages extending laterally igr hub or bearing, to and connecting with the working valves of the engine vor motor, and cooperating with other intermediate tubes'or openings'to rotate a piston or dislgwhile the smaller tubes or o enin s extend-laterally from each side of t' ie hui)v or bearing to the casings oi the working valves and supply steam to set and hold.the said valves in a closed position.

21. An engine or motor whose throttlevalve contains oris provided with twosets of ports or openings in its sides, there beingone smaller and one larger opening on each side,

the arrangement being such that when said valve is moved in one direction from its cutoff position, one of its smaller openings and one of its-larger openings on each side is caused to match or correspond, in a diagonal direction across to the other side, with two respective and alternate fixed passages ony each side of the hub or bearin of said valve, while a similar movement of t ie valve in the other direction from a full cut-ofi position brings a larger, and a smaller opening on4 each side of the valve in a diagonal relation or position and in unison or in the desired position to connect diagonally with the other and alternate set of larger-and smaller openings on the two sides of the said hub or bearing.

22. An engine or motor having a throttlevalve provided wit-h a longitudinal bore or chamber and with two openings of different sizes on each side for the exit of steam, the said valve being seated in or connected with a hub or bearing, and said hub or bearing being provided with eight openings of different dimensions, four smaller and four larger, two smaller and two larger on eachside, said valve and said hub or bearing being constructed and arranged relatively to each other so that when the valve is moved or turned in one direction, steam is allowed to pass out of said valve-cliamber to move and operate twol working valves and a revolving piston or rotary diskin one direction, and to hold two other working valves in a fixed position, and when said throttle-valve is moved or turned in the opposite direction, to move and operate the two latter working valves and move om each side of said ICO essaies and operate said .iston or diskin the other direction, and to lold in a fixed position the twoforiner working valves.

' 23. An `engine or motor having a throttlevalve provided with openings of diferentvdif mensions', one smaller and one larger on each side, said valve being seated in a hub or bearing provided with eight openings., two of smaller and two of larger dimensions, on each side, the said openingsin thevalve and in the bearing being constrlbted and related so that y when'` the valve is tunedor moved in one diwithtlie second small and second large open- -ings in the bearing on that side, and on turning or moving the valve in an opposite dj' :ec-

p tion, the second small and second large openings on the side of the valve are brought into unison with the second small and the second large openings in the rst side of the bearing, and the small and thelarge openings of the valve and the bearing on the other side are brought into unison with the first small and the first large openings in the bearing onthe other side, and thus allow the steam to pass out of both the small and the large openings on either side of the system and in a diagonal direction as .to the position of the openings, and to move and operate lthe working valves and the piston or disk of the engine or motor. 24. An engine or moto-r having a throttlevalve, four working valves, and' a revolving piston or rotary disk, said valve being provided with openings on its two sides for the` emission of steam to move and operate said Working valves and said piston or disk and said throttle-valve being constructed andarranged so that on moving it inone direction twoof said Working valves are made topmovcr f and operate said pistonor disk, while the other two working valves are set and continuously held in position to clear the passing abutments on the periphery of the disk whilev the engine or motor is running in one direction, and when the' said .throttle-valve 1s moved or turned-1n an opposite directlon, the

` other or latter two working valves are brought into action to move and operate the piston orI disk, while the otheror rst two working valves are set and continuously held in position to clear the passing abutments.

p25. An engine or motor having a throttlevalve provided with a central or ongitudinal opening to hold or convey steam, and with dierent sizes of openings in its sides, and

seated ina huh or bearing having double the' number of similaropenings in its sides, the valve and bearing so constructed and arranged .that on moving or turning the valve in one direction two openings on e'ach side of the valve will come or be brou ht into unisonwith the same number of simi ar openings in thetwo sides of the hub or bearing, so that steam or vapor from the openings in the valve can pass out on each side through the diagonally corresponding openings in the bearing, and by means of intermediate vtubes or openings, move and operate the working falves and the revolving piston or rotary isk. i

26. An engine or motor having a'throttlevalve provided with a central bore or chamber, a'ndvmain admission and valve-controlling openings of different sizesin itsV sides, and held in position by a hollow screw sleeve or abutment at each end, said valve being provided with a hand crank wheel. or handle valves, each of Which is provided with projections or trunnions at its ends, serving asl pivots or centers for said valve to turn upon, the projections and the valve having a central bore or opening extending from end to end of the valve, for the rpassage of steam and a lateral mouthor port opening on one side Jfor the emission or discharge of steam into a piston-chamber.

28. `An engine or motor having a` throttlevalve and working valves arranged in pairs and each pair on lines at right angles 'to each of the other, each of said valves being provided with projections or trunnions l-at its ends, a center -bore or opening extending enloo' tirely through the valve, and a lateral mouth v or port on one 'side' constructed and adapted to emit or discharge steam into a pistonchamber.

29. An engine or motor having working valves, each of which' is provided with projections or trunnions on its ends and a central bore or opening, each valve having on its los ITO

periphery one or more abutments or lugs eX- tending lengthwise of the valve and parallel with the central openings, said central :bore n or opening and said lateral slot or mouth being for the purpose of carrying` and. emitting or injecting steam into a piston or disk-chamberl to ymove and operate a rotary piston therein. A

30. An engine or motor having a casing and working valves, each ofwhich. isy rovided with hubs or proj ections. at its en s, a central bore entirely'through the valve, and a lateral mouth or port opening on one side, each valvey having also a concave recess in one side adapted to conform to or constitute a continuation of the inside circular Wall of a` piston or disk chamberin said casing.

31. An engineor motor having a casing ,Y

and working valves ,each 'of which is provide with hubs or lprojections at `ends, abut ments on its peri phery, a central bore or open. ing, a lateral mouth or port in one side, and a concave recess noar the said mouth or port, the said recess l'orming the face of a jaw'or abutment to prevent the steam or vapor issuing from the said port from escaping back Wardly, said jaw being carefully turned or ground to closely contorni to the peripheryr of a piston or dish in said casing.

32. An engine or motor having a casing and Working valves arranged diainctricaily opposite to each other in said casing and in pairs of tvvo, and cach'pair being on lines at right angles with the other pair, the said casing being provided with. circular cavities or y chambers accurately foi-med to closely tit the peripheral bodies of said valves, and each chamber provided at one side with a seginentalenlargement andA with a fixed central abutment which occupies the central portion of said enlargement and subdivides the latter into segmental spaces which terminate at their outer ends 'in solid abutments or shoulders, openings being provided at each side of said central abutment and at one end ot one of said segmental spaces, which openings are connected with various intermediate tubings or ,openings to carry and admit steam into said segmental spaces on each side of said lin central abutment to oscillate the valve, by impingement or pressure -against projecting abutments on the peripheral body of the valve, and to one of said segmental spaces for the admission of steam or vapor to move, set., and' hold one set or pair oi valves in a non-active position, While the other pair or set are being operated to move and revolve y the piston or disk.

33. An engine or motor having a casing and Working valves oscillating or moving on their truimions or projecting ends in countersinks or bearings formed in the sides of the casing, and said valves being provided with central openings or steam-chambers extending entirely through the axial lengths of the valves, and said openings being connected centrally With tubes or openings constructed for and capable of lfurnishing steam from a boiler or generator through a throttle-valve and said connecting and intermediate tubes or openings to the central openings or chambers in the Working valves, and thence through the lateral mouths or openings in the valves into the piston or disk chamber to move and operate said piston or disk.

34. The combination with a casing and a rotatable piston therein each having a passage, of an abutment valve pro vided with a supply passage extending between its opposite ends said supply passage being connected with the piston passage by that in the te 35The combination with a casing and a rotatable' piston therein, of an abutment valve provided with a supplv passage eX- tcnding between its opposite ends, the easing having separated passages registering with the valve passage, and means enrried bv the piston for controlling the` llow through tho supply passage.

36. The combination with n easing and a rotatable piston therein, ol' an abutment valveprovidcd with a supply passage extend ing between its opposite ends and a branch passage opening from the supply passage and through the side ol the valvc,t1he valve delivering lluid through both thc ends olt'he supply passage and through the branch passage.

37. The combination with a casing and n. rotatable piston therein, of' an abutment valve provided with a supply pnssage e.\'- tending between its opposite ends, there being an exhaust `passage in thc easing con trolled by the piston.

38. The combination with a casing and a rotatable piston therein, ol an alnltment valve provided with a sup ly pass-ige, the.

piston having recesses and t ie easing having passages connecting said recesses with tho supply passage of the valve.

rlhe combination with a casing and a rotatable piston therein, of :ui abutment valve provided with a supply passage, the piston having innerand outer recesses` and the casing having passages connecting said recesses with the supply passage ofthe valve.

40. The combination with a easing and n rotatable piston therein, ol an abutment valve provided with a supply passage, the iston having inner and outer ree-esse 1, oll dil'- Vl'crent length and the casing `niving passages connecting said recesses `with the suppl)v passage of the valve.

41. Thc'combination with a casing und a rotatable piston therein, of a throttl(` valve, and a rotatable abutment 'nlve provided with a supply passage, there being n plurality of connecting passages between the throttle valve and abutment valve, one lending to t he suppl;v passage of said valve and another to its periphery. 42. A rotary engine comprising n. easing having a main chamber and a seeondaijv chamber having :in enlargement, a piston rotatable in the main chamber, n valve rotatable in the secondary chamber and having n. projection extending into its enlargement, said valve being provided with a reeess which may fo-operate with the piston :ind a recess forming a portion of the main chamber and means lol' supplying pressure to the chamber enlargement', to rotate the valve.

43. A rotar)Y engine eomprisinga easing having n main ehamber nud a secondary' chamber having an enlargement, a piston rotntnbl in they mnin chamber, n. valve relata blc i. the secondary chnnihel' and having separated profection extending into its enli o I OC

largement at opposite the two sides seams chamber having an enlargement into which a projection from the casingextends, ysaid casing having `supply passages leading to op positesides of the projection, a piston rotatable` in the n'rain chamber and controllingl `the flow through the passages, and a valve rotatable in the secondary chamber and having separated projections lying in the ensides of the casingv projection. A y Y 45. The 'combination with'a casing and 'al rotatable piston thereiinof a throttle valve having portsof different length and an abutment valve provided With'a supply passage, there being a plurality of connecting' assages between the throttle valve and a utment valve.

46. The combination with a casing and a rotatable pistontherein, of a throttle valve having orts of different length, an abut,- ment va ve provided with a supply passage, there beingl a lplurality of conliectingv ment, valve, and an yexhaust passage controlled by the piston.

i77` An engine or motor comprising a casing, a rotary piston having segmental conduits on its outside faces arranged in series, and a piston-chamber centrally located in the casing, and ,four abutment valves arranged diametrically to each other'around the outer periphery of the piston-chamber and operating'together in sets or pairs ofv two, each pair located at right angles toa direct line between the other pair, each valve being adapted to furnish steam to operate the piston, one set acting to move the piston in one direction, 4and the other set to move it in the other direction, and said iston controlling the movements of said va ves by its movement and steam passing through the center bore of the valves and segmental conduits in of the piston, the conduits in one side ofthe piston serving to operate one pair of valves and move the piston in one direction, andthe conduits in the other side of' the piston serving to operate the other pair-of valves and to move the piston in the other or opposite direction.

48. An engine or movil' comprising a casing, a piston chamber and a 'piston rotating therein, a series of abutment valve chambers surrounding said piston-chamber and oscillatory hollow center abutment valves therein,' said hollow center forming a.- art 'of a main steam conduit, and the casing being rovided 4with setsA oflinterrnediate land smay ler ,con`

duits, each 'set consisting of three" conduits practicall. parallelto ,each other, one end of each con uit leading to` an abutment valve lfrom said central conduit `into the other outside conduit of the set sages between the"throttle valve and abut# i rotatin Vment valves in said 'Eli chamber, the center conduit of the three' terminating at the end of the hollow center of abutment'valve, and the other two conduits in each set, .and the conduits inthe sidesof the piston serving to'ftake' steam fromy thel `central conduitv and alternately delivering-it to-operate ythe valve 3 and said piston having formed in each to an i abutmentv chamber side of its outside faces three setsand three series .of segmental grooves or connecting conduits of various len ths, one .oit sai grooves or conduits of eac set being adapted or fitted to take steam from the Central or middle conduit of the set of three formed in the casing,.'and to discharge it into one of the two outside conduits in '8o. a set formed in the casing to operate the valve in one direction,

and another conduit of the series in the faceY of the piston being adapted to take steam and to discharge it formed inthe side ofthe casing and to oer'- ate the valve in the other direction, w ile other segmental conduits in the face of the piston act to eXhaustthe-steam from said' conduits, the piston by its movement and the conduits on its sides completing the continuity between the various conduits in the sides ofthe casing and the hollow center abutment valves. p v

49. An engine ormotor comprising a' ca'sing, a central piston-chamber, a rotary piston having sets and series of segmental grooves or conduits in both of its outsidevfaces and in said chamber, 'four abutment valve ciambers formed in the sides of said casing and located at equal distances around ythe outer'pcriphery of said piston-chamber and partly opening out into the same, abuts i abutment-chambers oscillating upon hubs with hollow centers, and each valve having a lateral outlet for emission of steam into said'piston-chemioer,- the said hollow centers forming an extension part or continuation cfa main steam conduit irorn f the steam source to and through a throttle-valve and to and throughthe hollow centers of saidfabutment-valves, 'and a plurality of smaller conduits adapted to furnish steam to said abutment-valves and formed in sets of three for each valve, and three of the series ofthe segmentalk grooves or conduits in the side of the piston being ada ted to connect with the central conduits o the sets in thesides oi the casing and adapted to being ladapted to take and deliver steam om said central conduit and deliver it to 'the other outside conduit in the set to operate the valvein the other direction, and the IIO steam passing through'the conduits in its othsr serios of segmental conduits in the sides of the piston being adapted to exhaust-the steam from said smaller conduits and said abutn'iont-vulvos on motion of the piston, and the piston boing operated by muns of In testimony Wlwicof 'i haw@ :xil'ixxd my signature, 1n piosenvu o: two uiliwsrws. i 1o Wi iwnosses: C. F. BROWN,

sides and through the hollow centers of' the E. BA'rcunLmcR.

abu tinont-Valves. 

